Mental problems are becoming terrible in Nepal: how to know, how to avoid? Is it possible to treat mental health problems?

 

Mental problems are becoming terrible in Nepal: how to know, how to avoid?  Is it possible to treat mental health problems?

More than 50 to 60 million people in Nepal are suffering from some form of mental health.  According to this, the fact that about 1 in 4 people is in its swamp has been published.  

According to the data of Nepal Police, 5 thousand 125 people committed suicide due to mental anxiety and stress. WHO ranked Nepal as the 7th in the global suicide rate.  The estimated annual suicides in Nepal are 6,840 or 24.9 suicides per 100,000 people.

According to the World Health Organization, more than 300 million people suffer from mental illness every year.  There are more women than men.  There are also people who commit suicide due to mental illness.  The facts of the health organization also show that 8 million people commit suicide every year.  In every part of the world, the social, economic, political environment, living conditions, ups and downs in mutual relations between friends and the lack of cordiality, harmony, trust and self-restraint also seem to increase mental illness.

What are the symptoms of mental illness?

Symptoms of mental illness can vary depending on the type, circumstances and other factors.  Symptoms of mental illness can affect feelings, thoughts and behavior.  It has the following symptoms:

feel sad

Being distracted or having a decreased ability to concentrate.

Feeling excessive fear or anxiety or feelings of guilt.

Extreme mood swings.

Separation from friends and other activities.

Fatigue, low energy or problems sleeping.

Dissociation from reality (delusion), insanity or delusion.

Inability to cope with everyday problems or stress.

Trouble understanding problems and people.

Alcohol or drug use.

Major changes in eating habits.

Libido-related changes.

Excessive anger or violent behavior.  (Read more - Ways to reduce anger)

Suicidal ideation.

Sometimes the symptoms of a mental health disorder appear as physical problems such as stomachaches, backaches, headaches or other unexplained pains.

Why does mental illness happen?

Mental illnesses, in general, are thought to be caused by a variety of genetic and environmental factors.  These factors are as follows :

Heredity

Mental illness is more common in people whose relatives also have mental illness.  Certain genetic factors can increase your risk of developing mental illness, and your life circumstances can trigger it.

Exposure to certain environmental factors before birth

Environmental stress, stressful situations, exposure to toxins, alcohol or drugs in the womb can sometimes lead to mental illness.

Brain function

Neurotransmitters naturally carry brain chemicals to other parts of your brain and body.  When the nervous system associated with these chemicals does not work properly, there are changes in the nerve receptors and the nervous system, which causes depression.

What are the risk factors of mental illness?

Certain factors can increase your risk of developing mental health problems, including the following -

Having mental illness in a parent or sibling or any other blood relative.

Experiencing a stressful life situation, such as financial problems, someone's death or divorce.

Any chronic medical problems such as diabetes.

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Brain damage resulting from severe trauma (traumatic brain injury).

Traumatic experiences, such as war or assault.

Use of alcohol or drugs.

Experiencing childhood abuse.

Having only a few friends or healthy relationships.

No prior mental illness.

Mental illness is very common.  1 in 5 adults has a mental illness at some point.  Mental illness can begin at any age, but most begin in the early years of life.

The effects of mental illness can be temporary or permanent.  You may also have more than one mental illness at a time.  For example, you may have depression and an addiction disorder at the same time.

How is mental illness prevented?

There is no certain way to prevent mental illness.  However, if you have a mental illness, managing stress and boosting self-esteem can help.  For this, keep the following in mind - Pay attention to the warning signs - Talk to your doctor about which conditions can trigger your symptoms.  Make a plan so you know what to do if you experience symptoms.  Contact your doctor if you notice any changes.  Also inform family members or friends to watch for warning signs.

Get regular medical attention - Don't skip seeing your doctor, especially if you're not feeling well.  You may have a new health problem that needs treatment or you may be experiencing side effects from medication.

Get help - Treating mental health conditions can be difficult if you wait until symptoms get worse.  Long-term treatment may help prevent symptoms.

Take care of yourself – getting enough sleep, a nutritious diet and regular exercise are important.  Try to maintain a rule.  Talk to your doctor if you are having trouble or have any questions about diet and exercise.

How is mental illness diagnosed?

To diagnose mental illness and check for related complications, the following tests may be done :

Physical examination

In a physical exam, your doctor will try to rule out physical problems that may be causing your symptoms.

Lab test

Lab tests can check your thyroid or check for alcohol and drugs.

Psychological assessment

In a psychological evaluation, your doctor asks you about your symptoms, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.  You may also be asked to fill out a questionnaire.

What complications can arise from mental illness?

Mental illness is a major cause of disability.  Untreated mental illness can lead to serious emotional, behavioral, and physical health problems.  Mental illness can also lead to legal and financial problems.  It has the following complications –

Suffering and loss of enjoyment of life.

A weak immune system, which takes time for your body to fight infections.

Family problems.

Problems in relationships.

Social isolation.

Problems related to tobacco, alcohol and other drugs.

Poverty and homelessness.

Suicide or harming others.

Increased risk of accidents.

Heart disease and other medical problems.

What is the cure for mental illness?

Treatments for mental illness are as follows:

1. Need for hospitalization

Treatment of mental illness during hospitalization usually includes stabilization, monitoring, medication, fluid and nutritional care, and other necessary emergency care.

A person needs to be admitted to hospital when –

They have severe mental health symptoms.

Have hallucinations or delusions.

Suicidal ideation.

Did not sleep or eat for a long time.

Lack of ability to care for oneself due to mental health symptoms.

2. Psychotherapy

There are many different types of psychotherapy available for mental illness, such as –

Individual Therapy - Individual therapy is a form of psychotherapy where a person explores emotions, pain, and other mental health problems with their therapist using a variety of different strategies and methods.

Group Therapy - Group therapy is usually led by a therapist and involves several people.

Family therapy - In family psychotherapy, family members meet with a therapist to resolve issues.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is the most common form of psychotherapy.  It can be used at individual, group or family level.  In this therapy, the therapist tries to replace the patient's abnormal thoughts and behaviors with positive ones.

Dialectical virtual therapy (Dialectical behavior therapy) - In this psychotherapy, emphasis is placed on accepting and validating unhealthy thoughts, feelings and behaviors and trying to create a balance between acceptance and change.

Interpersonal Therapy - Interpersonal therapy involves solving problems in people's relationships and teaching new interpersonal and communication skills to improve the quality of relationships.

3. Medicines

Medications can be used to treat the symptoms of mental illness.  Medications are often used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Medicines used for mental illness are as follows -

Antidepressant medications.

Anti-anxiety medications.

Mood stabilizers.

Antipsychotic drugs.

4. Alternative therapies

Following are some alternative treatments for mental illness –

Yoga

attention

A nutritious diet

Exercise